The benefits of in-building wireless are numerous. However, there are some key considerations to consider when implementing this technology. First, mobile operators must be involved and approved before implementation. They’ve invested billions of dollars in building their networks and want to provide their customers with the best mobile experience. To avoid legal issues, in-building wireless systems must be licensed and able to access the appropriate frequencies. These considerations are outlined below.
Distributed antenna system (DAS)
Choosing a DAS for your in-building wireless coverage depends on the size of your building and the location you want to cover. For example, a large stadium, concert hall, or sports arena may have high levels of cellular data usage. If your DAS cannot handle the additional demand, nearby cell towers may be overwhelmed, causing your local network to become unstable. In such cases, you need a high-capacity DAS.
A distributed antenna system (DAS) combines multiple antenna elements to distribute power efficiently. This helps deliver coverage similar to a single antenna while reducing the total power consumption and improving reliability. Several small antennas replace a large antenna, requiring high power to operate. The DAS is used by several service providers across the United States and has been proven effective in situations where zoning and terrain obstacles are a problem.
Microcell system
A Microcell in-building wireless system provides a high-performance indoor coverage area within a building. A microcell system includes a central omnidirectional antenna and a distributed antenna system. The latter comprises four directional antennas covering a section of the building, forming a ring that extends to the corners of the building. Each directional antenna covers a particular building portion, and all are connected to a single base station. Because the antennas in these building blocks are identical, the frequencies and channels are the same. Because this is the case, a portable device does not need to change channels to receive a signal.
A microcell can automatically transfer users from one access point to another to provide better network reliability and eliminate the need for a separate cell tower. Before installing a Microcell in-building wireless system, locate it in a building with enough backhaul. This backhaul is typically in the form of fiber optic cables installed in the ground. If a facility has existing conduits, these cables can be routed to the Microcell.
Distributed cellular system
In-building wireless coverage is one of the primary considerations for any building. The best solution for an in-building wireless range blends well with the outdoor macro network. The in-building wireless network uses a distributed cellular system, ensuring complete coverage in a particular service area and a smooth handover from a building to the macrocell. Distributed cellular systems also allow carriers to allocate radio resources specifically to the building. The results are full coverage in buildings, giving carrier marketing teams the ability to present corporate promotions and give landlords an edge over the competition.
The in-building cellular enhancement system connects to a carrier signal source, usually a bi-directional amplifier or base transceiver station. The signal is carried using coaxial or optical fiber and boosted through the building by in-building coverage antennas. Small cells and repeaters increase coverage in areas where macrocells are not installed.
Distributed antenna system (BDA)
A distributed antenna system can improve overall coverage and capacity while using less power than single antennas. It can also overcome feeder losses, reduce fading depths, and delay spread. Several service providers have used the distributed antenna system to meet their building codes. This system is handy in scenarios where zoning restrictions or terrain obstacles are a problem. It also offers the added benefit of being future-proof.
This system is also designed to solve the coverage issue, eliminating the need for workarounds. The indoor antenna will feed a clear signal from the outside throughout the building. In addition, because the system is flexible, it can integrate existing coverage. For example, if a building has a lone wireless provider, the system could be configured to repeat that carrier’s frequencies throughout the entire building. However, if multiple pages are present, it may be best to use a multi-carrier system.